How to determine the right height and hole size to attract the birds you want!
So you want to build a birdhouse? A well-built birdhouse should be durable, keep out the rain, not overheat, and be easy to clean. Keep these requirements in mind and let's get started.
1. First, determine the types of birds you see around your backyard. Then figure out which ones will use a birdhouse. Some birds build nests in trees or bushes, such as doves, cardinals, and mockingbirds. Others may make their nests on the ground or even burrows down in the ground. Only cavity nesting birds will use a birdhouse. Examples of common cavity nesting birds are chickadees, flickers, and bluebirds. Determine the type of bird that you wish to use the birdhouse.
2. Determine the dimensions of the birdhouse. Most birds require different sizes of birdhouses as well as entrance holes. Below you will find a chart with some specs to build houses for various common cavity nesting birds:
3. When selecting the wood to use, use plain untreated lumber. Do not use exterior grade plywood (contains formaldehyde) or pressure-treated lumber (contains toxic preservatives.) Plastic and metal often overheat in the hot summer sun.
4. Almost time to pick out a birdhouse plan. First, however, remember these things about good houses: Has some type of ventilation holes or slots near the roof so heat can escape. Normally these holes will be on the sides of the house - NOT the roof - so rain will not drip in.
• Roof is slanted enough to shed rain and extends well over the entrance hole for protection from rain and sun. • No perch. Most people think that there should be a perch under the entrance hole. However, the birds nesting inside do not need a perch. The perch also invites predators or other birds to attack or bother the parents and babies inside. • Has drain holes or small slots in the bottom of the nest box for drainage (you don't want those babies to be drowned during a storm!) • Has a door, roof, or side wall that can easily be opened to clean out the nest box. Leftover nests can attract mites and other parasites as well as make more work for new occupants who must clear out the old nest. • Inside wall beneath the entrance hole is roughed up or has some type of grooves for baby birds to climb as they get older.
5. Keeping these above points in mind, select a birdhouse plan for the type of bird you wish to attract to the house. There are number of excellent birdhouse plans on the Internet as well as many great books you can buy.
6. Never use paint or stain inside the birdhouse. If you want to paint the outside, wait until it is built and paint only the wood that you can see. Be sure to use a non-toxic exterior latex paint that does not contain lead. Light colors will reflect the heat and light, keeping the house cooler in the summer. Or keep the house natural, without paint. Rough cedar or redwood would be an excellent type of wood if you want to go paint-less.
7. Now it's time to put up your birdhouse. They can be attached to wood or metal fence posts, trees, or their own wood or metal posts. Bluebird boxes seem to attract more predators when on trees. If you are mounting your birdhouse to a post, always try to attach a baffle or collar to prevent snakes, cats, and other predators from climbing the pole to the house. Locate your house an adequate distance from each other since most nesting parents are territorial. Place the birdhouse where the parents and baby birds are not distracted and worried about your family's activities. The entrance should face away from the prevailing wind. Remember, bluebirds prefer lots of open space in front of their birdhouse and be sure to mount the house at the proper height.
Courtesy: Cedar Creek Woodshop Visit Cedar Creek Woodshop for a wide variety of birdhouses.
What size hole should I have for song birds of Middle Tn mostly cardinals or blue jays..thank you
Ted R. – Fernandina Beach , Florida
Jan 12, 2010 - 11:50
I noticed today that another pair of eastern blue birds are bringing nesting materials to my bird house. This will be the third time in two years . I used wood from a pallet rough oak ,which was five inches wide by four feet long and three quarters of an inch thick. I used one and a quarter inch exterior screws to put it together. I always pre drill the holes so wood does'nt split I have been using a product called hardi backer board for the roof , it comes in half inch thickness and works very well and does not rot., It was free and left over on a construction site. Yes I go dumpster diving for free materials . Go green and free. I enjoy making them and giving to friends and neighbors in my community.
Robert – Winter Springs, FL
Sep 25, 2009 - 09:56
I am interested in hole size for a Cardinal. Should there be more than one entrance/exit in a four sided house ? Squirrels frequently eat the food, so I am interested in a hole which will keep them out and let the birds in.
Laurie – Virginia
Sep 18, 2009 - 12:32
Question: I have several chickadee birdhouses. How far apart should I space them?
Lee Noga – Washington State
May 29, 2009 - 18:26
You have good information and I copied the table for hole size. However I do not see any information regarding perches on birdhouses. I see many of the bird houses do not include a perch. It would seem to me that a bird might like one. If one is installed, how far from the bottom of the hole should it be?? What dowel size is best 1/2", 3/8" etc
Lee
Harry Trustman – canada
Apr 03, 2009 - 08:56
This is harry trustman i live in northern canada and a was wondering how to build a birdhouse. so i can finally attract penguins into my yard cause i think there so fluffy and cute. so please write back, and please post dimensions of how to build a penguin brid house. so i can finally get my penguins into a nice comfortable birdhouse.
laura – vermont
Dec 24, 2008 - 21:05
I live in vermont and love Blue Jays and was wondering if you could tell me the dimensionsto build them a house specially the hole size, thank you
Reply to laura
Aimee – CT
Feb 21, 2009 - 21:45
I would use the same coordinates for the screech owl and but put it in a soft wood tree, such as a pine or hemlock. If you live in a marshy area then put it in a dead tree, but don't climb it. I would really go for a soft wood tree since you can most likely get it up higher then a dead one. They also like to roost in the middle or top of a medium sized tree. Good Luck, Blue Jays are awesome!!!!!!!!!!!!
Remember to stay safe. ;)
Bill Graham – London Ont.Canada
Sep 07, 2008 - 09:33
Hi;Your site is very helpfull.You don.t have many canadian birds.Thanks
Reply to Bill Graham
Jim Hall
Nov 23, 2008 - 17:04
Bill I attended the Scout Jamboree in Guelph. Had a great time Have a great winter! Jim
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